The dark web is a part of the internet that isn't indexed by search engines. It is part of the internet that isn't visible to search engines and requires the use of an anonymizing browser to be accessed. Dark Web is the virtual equivalent of a black market. Darknet is another name for Dark Web. Dark Web can be simply explained as a specialised form of browsing in incognito mode. While incognito mode disables browsing history and web cache, the Dark Web is shielded by specialised software such as Tor. As it is evident by the name, the USP of a Dark Web site is the anonymity it offers and the near-impossibility of tracking it down. Deep Web is the area of the Internet which is not accessible through search engines. What we access through search engines is called Surface Web. To get into the Deep Web one should know the right address. Dark Web is part of the Deep Web. While the Deep Web is accessible, the Dark Web is deliberately hidden. Darknets are small niches of the “Deep Web,” which is itself a catch-all term for the assorted Net-connected stuff that isn’t discoverable by the major search engines. This is the anonymous internet, in which it is much more difficult for spies or hackers or government agencies to track internet users and see which websites they are using and what they are doing there. A darknet is an overlay network that can only be accessed with specific software, configurations, or authorization, often using non-standard communications protocols and ports. Two typical darknet types are friend-to-friend networks (usually used for file sharing with a peer-to-peer connection) and privacy networks such as Tor (The Onion Router). Darknets deliberately hide from the prying eyes of the searchable Web. They cloak themselves in obscurity with specialized software that guarantees encryption and anonymity between users, as well as protocols or domains that the average person will never stumble across. Application of dark web: To better protect the privacy rights of citizens from targeted and mass surveillance Protecting dissidents from political reprisal. Whistleblowing and news leaks. Dark Web users include political dissidents, activists, journalists, law enforcement and the military. Darknets grant everyone the power to speak freely without fear of censorship or persecution. By Delving deeper into the Darknet, one can find a veritable cornucopia of services dedicated to spreading the word: secure messaging and file-sharing tools, libraries chock- full of political literature, anonymous boards dedicated to intelligent debate, and much, much more. Misuse: Computer crime (hacking, file corruption etc.) Sale of restricted goods on darknet markets File sharing (personal files, pornography, confidential files, illegal or counterfeit software etc.) The Dark Web is often used by individuals who want to preserve anonymity. That includes criminals, terrorists and state-sponsored spies. The Dark Web does contain websites selling illicit goods, including drugs, weapons, exotic animals, stolen goods and more. Child pornography is also traded via the Dark Web. Dark Web users also include political dissidents, activists, journalists, law enforcement and the military. Key Challenges to fighting ‘Dark Nets’ Dark Nets are too new and complex for average police department to invest in. Police, at most, have jurisdiction only at a national level. Since all governments have budgets, they don’t usually investigate other countries’ criminals (unless there is some benefit). Since it is difficult to establish where a criminal on a dark net is located, they take a risk of investigating thousands of people that are not in their country, not a citizen, etc, etc (investigation dead-end). This implies not only a waste of time, but a waste of resources – including taxpayer money. Since taxpayers usually want a visible ‘return on investment’, many forces think it is better to go after the easy cases that can make quick headlines and better statistics. Strategy to deal with Dark nets: Introduction of technology-savvy youngsters into the cyber department in large numbers. Hiring of experienced professionals to lead & guide others on day-to-day basis Hiring of experienced foreign law-enforcement professionals, who have experience in similar operations & can help train cyber –criminal psychology, operational security & applicable law Focus on improvement of skills of cyber teams instead of tools, software & other tech gadgetary. #ALSTargetMains #ALSTargetMains189 Visit us on: https://bit.ly/OnlineIAS https://bit.ly/ALSOnlive-Tube #DecodeIASExam #ALSOnlive #UPSCIAS #IAS #JojoMathew #ManishGautam
